Thorough distribution plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Thorough distribution plan - Essay Example Things that will be accounted include permission to distribute the product, certificate of quality assurance provided by the concerned authority and legal requirements that have to be met like registration of the product. The availability and vicinity of the distribution centers in these countries have to be accounted for. The global entry strategy into these countries will be through franchising. Franchising will facilitate speedy distribution of the product. Franchising involves the granting of a franchise. In this case, the product will be franchised to a franchisee; the franchisee will supply the capital and labor and operate the franchised business. The approach of franchising will be; authorization of a number of retail stores to sell the product. The advantage of using franchising is that the product will be able to reach the targeted population in the shortest time possible and within their favorite shopping places. The supply chain is vertically integrated and will include a manufacturer, a distribution center and a retailer. The manufacturer will manufacture the product and franchise it to the distribution centers and retailers. A distribution center will assist in the supply of the product as needed and be able to ship the product to the required destinations that are outside United States and Canada. This means that it has both the local and international advantage in supply of the product. Vertical integration method has advantages such as low transaction costs, high investment opportunities and the ability to monopolize the market through market foreclosure. Another advantage is quick supply of goods and being able to meet the demand in the market. Retail partners will be supermarkets, chemists, drug stores, cosmetic shops, and electronic stores. These are common places for many shoppers in the United

Research a medical topic of interest to you using professional medical Paper

A medical topic of interest to you using professional medical journals such as Jama, nursing or dental or physical, occupational, or speech journals - Research Paper Example This leaves prevention as the only feasible alternative to control the virus. The prevention is done through immunization of attenuated forms of the virus to induce the body to develop natural immunity against the virus (John, 2002). Cases of poliomyelitis have declined in the recent decades but it is still too early to celebrate. The elimination of the second of the three-poliovirus serotypes; type 2 was eliminated in 1999.This marked a milestone achievement and evidence that the global resolve to eliminate paralytic poliomyelitis is attainable. Improvements in immunization and continuous surveillance are ideal in the completion of eradication of polio (Samwel et al, 1991). The feat of polio eradication is highly supported by polio programs, innovations such as global positioning system, mapping, and strategies of immunization at transit points. It is strategic to declare polio as a global health emergency to arouse concerted efforts by countries globally to eliminate the disease. The shift from the use of oral polio vaccine (OPV) to inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) is timely and appropriate. This is because of the magnitude of reduced effectiveness of OPV in locations with high burden of enteric pathogens and diarrheal disease. This challenge can be more pronounced in some areas leaving children who have received several doses still vulnerable to polio attack. The development of viral genetic sequencing technology reveals that OPV viruses are capable of regaining fitness and neurovirulence when continuously transmitted from one person to the other. Based on the information of genetic attenuation, it is imperative that true elimination of polio means zero transmission of poliovirus .It is notable that vaccine viruses apart from being genetically prone to reversal to neurovirulence, are also epidemiologically prone to transmission to unvaccinated children thus causing polio outbreaks. To reduce the cost of the administration of IPV, it is

Service Provision Legislation in New Zealand

Service Provision Legislation in New Zealand Surbhi Narwal DEMONSTRATE KNOWLEDGE OF DISABILITY AND AGING LOCAL AND INTERNATIONAL CONTEXTS History of Disability In 1840 selective breeding connected racial wellness thought implying that there was natural choice of great stock, terrible stock. As an issue development of selective breeding achieves its most prominent prominence in right on time many years of the twentieth century by end of World War 2 genetic counselling had been to a great extent abandoned. As indicated by pre-war stature, the development habitually sought after pseudoscientific thoughts of racial matchless quality and clarity. Selective breeding be drilled around world and in addition was advanced by government and powerful people and directions. Its backer respects it in light of the fact that a social theory expected for the change of human heritable characteristics through the advancement of higher proliferation of specific individuals and qualities. Today it is broadly respect in light of the fact that a pitiless development which caused tremendous human rights infringement happened on a large number of individuals. The m ediation s advocates and rehearsed through eugenicists concerned very the distinguishment furthermore arrangement of persons and their families, including poor people, visually impaired, hard of hearing, rationally sick, , indiscriminate ladies, formatively debilitated, gay people likewise whole racial gatherings. In the nineteenth century migration biased the quantity of dementia individuals living in NZ alongside keeping money related expense to least. Expense was relied upon to be met by families with some assistance from beneficent association. Various disabled individuals were set in the homes implied for vagrant, unmarried moms additionally penniless from 1860s. In 1889 the association of the companions of the visually impaired was shaped which was run as an issue association. In 1880 the first school for hard of hearing kids opened in NZ. In 1990s individuals with disabled were put in organization implied for individuals who had maladjustment. Man and ladies isolated hence they couldnt have kids. The mental defectives act came in 1911 separated between those rationally sick and blockheads, the foolish or epileptics. The commission of request intrigued by mental defectives in addition sexual wrongdoers 1924-25 talked about their worry on dim witted kids furthermore arranged activity to k eep the increase of savages and contaminations of a average strain. In 1929 Templeton was opened to look after high review numbskulls and poor quality weak or second rate dim witted. Becoming restorative learning prompted moving far from selective breeding to medicinal treatment and the therapeutic and the medicinal model. In 1924 enactment is passed permitting an annuity planned for visually impaired individuals abed of the government managed savings change of the late 1930s which present the invalids advantages for persons for all time unable to work and the ailment advantages for those briefly encountering sick wellbeing. Therapeutic treatment for prior servicemen started after World War 1 or created all the more through the incapacitated servicemens affiliation, perceived after World War 2 administrations were accessible to regular folks from 1954. Shielded occupation opportunity for impaired individuals started with the disabled individuals livelihood advancement act 1960. All through the 1950s and 1960s IHC specific, made day forethought focuse s, private homes and word related gatherings. On the comparative time it sought after supplementary rights- based development in looking for suitable instructive offices implied for their youngsters. Incorporate Policies and Strategies of disability Social Security Act 1938 and 1964 This demonstration established a branch of detail that called government disability division. This office is controlled under a commission incorporate not more than three parts to regulate of the financial profit procurements. While the profits of therapeutic consideration were regulated by branch of wellbeing. Use for money wellbeing administrations, advantages and organization was to financed from the government disability subsidize on a current expense premise which remembers the yield from 7  ½ % standardized savings pay impose on pay rates, wages and wage and awards from general assessment. There are basically 10 diverse money related profits as take after Superannuation advantages Age profits Widows profits Orphans profits family profits invalids profits miners advantages sickness profits unemployment advantages emergency advantage 2.  Accident Compensation Act 1972 This Act came in power in 1, April 1974. As indicated by this demonstration, in the earner conspires in which finances are to save by toll on business and independently employed individual. As indicated by this plan earners get paid payment on the off chance that they endure with harm and doesnt make a difference if damage emerges on the course of job or business. 3.  The code of rights 1996-This demonstration came into power on 1, July 1996. The reason for this demonstration is to advance and protect the privileges of disability administration purchaser and wellbeing customer and to that end, to encourage the reasonable, expedient, basic and proficient determination of objections with respect to encroachments of those rights. 4.  Human rights demonstration 1993 The human rights act 1993 ensures individuals from segregation for the quantity of diverse zones of life in the New Zealand. At the point when individual treated not as much of positively and unjustifiably than other individual in the comparable circumstance. 5. New Zealand inability methodology 2001 In 2000/2001, the legislature has made the New Zealand incapacity method .This technique is based on common model of the disabled, which makes difference among weaknesses or incapacity. In 2002 office of incapacity issue was perceived. Its reason to give a short concentrate on disabled crosswise over government or to guide the working furthermore checking of the New Zealand inability procedure. 6.  He korowaioranga 2002- The general point of He Korowai orange to give backing to the Maori families to attain their most extreme wellbeing and prosperity. He korowhai orange give a skeleton used to the general population division to take obligation for the part it plays into supporting the wellbeing status furthermore whÄ nau. It is a decent vital component to helps wellbeing and inability zone to amplify the life compass of Maori, enhance their predominance of life, or reduction inconsistencies among other New Zealanders. 7.  te Tahuhu Improving Mental Health 2005-2015 – Te Tahuhu is sees as enhancing mental wellbeing diagrams government procedure or needs intended for mental wellbeing and in addition dependence utilized for the 10 years somewhere around 2005 and 2015 and gives and general bearing to the interest in mental wellbeing method encased in looking forward or moving ahead furthermore the mental wellbeing obligation plan implied for mental wellbeing administrations. 8.  Sign Language Act 2006 The reason of this demonstration is to advance and keep up the utilization of New Zealand gesture based communication. With coming this demonstration into power, New Zealand sign dialect pronounces a New Zealand official language. Incorporate Funding Through the 1990s more concerns were imparted about the cut-off points of the assembly acquisition for decreasing social hindrances fulfilled by impaired people. Government financing for help organizations for weakened people moved from the welfare office (Department of Social welfare) to wellbeing work places (commonplace wellbeing forces). 2.2 Define Terminology It is any restriction or lack of (resulting from any impairment) of ability to perform an activity in a manner or within the range considered normal for a human being. It also reflects an interaction between features of a person’s body and features of the society in which he/ she lives Basically individuals use language that they think is inability benevolent, however may be its ill bred to that disable group. Individuals to begin with, wording of incapacity cordial dialect that does not advance out dated, offending or deigning perspectives of inability or individuals with incapacities. A lot of people well intentioned, devoted individuals unintentionally hold demeanour that are stooping or paternalistic. Misinformed dialect and a large portion of the individual’s disposition or convictions that impaired individuals are not like us, they are poor they are wiped out and so forth. For instance wheelchair bound, individuals feel that individual wheel seat cant walk, they are wiped out, they are not same like them, yet they are incorrect. Individuals on wheelchair can stroll for a short separation or time of time; they can remain to move into auto, cot or seat. Define attitude We can without much of a stretch incorporate an incapacity character in arrangement and administration in the event that we comprehend the historical backdrop of handicap in NZ. New Zealand has really changed the demeanour towards handicap over recent years. It additionally reflects changes demean or abroad in a same manner to other social changes. For the majority of 2 century incapacity was thought to be an issue vested in people. This is a generally known as restorative model, where incapacity was seen as being some kind of problem with individual. Around 1840s onwards government made a few polices which pointed was to contain the quantity of incapacitated individuals living in New Zealand or keeping monetary help to least. 1900 onwards, social advantages of the individuals in the racial wellness was expanded and getting to be reflected to the legislatures social arrangement or handicapped individuals. Until 1916 enumeration of the New Zealand recognize individuals who were visual ly impaired, hard of hearing, insane people, deadened, epileptics and so on. The mental blemished act 1911 came in energy and separated between persons rationally decrepit, persons of unsound personality, the moronic and epileptics. Additionally some activity came in this period those were extremely positive e.g. plunked association they give help and consideration to the wellbeing of kids or moms. Some enactment came and individual’s .population got to be mindful about physical weakness and emotional sickness. Shielded livelihood wanted impaired this opportunity came to give the asylum to disabled individuals. 1970s administration methodologies to make private offices. After 2000 onwards government made NZ incapacity method. This system was more focused around social model of inability. Which help to develop a refinement in the middle of handicap and hindrance? On the off chance that we see generally in 1820s to 1900s administration was not more worry about incapacitated ind ividuals or wellbeing framework in New Zealand yet after 1900s NZ wellbeing framework was getting to be better, government made new strategies and procedures for individuals those are impair and rationally sick. Distinguish stereotypes and explain barriers Bias tackles the manifestation of a particular conviction with respect to any specific gathering it is called generalization. The stereotyping and bias field has been late to perceiving cripple individuals as an issue gathering battling for their social liberties or confronting a few issues of separation or mistreatment as the other minority voting demographics. One of the basic generalizations is individual who is visually impaired can have great musical ability better then individuals those can see. There can likewise be hindrance for these individuals may see these individuals that they cant see so in what capacity they would be able to impart or know where they are going; they cant read and so on. Society might dont feel great if incapacitate individuals approach with his/her ability, on the grounds that individuals think they are lethargic or unintelligent. Service provision and framework Ministry of Health (MOH) Ministry of wellbeing have an enormous structure. This is the spine of NZ wellbeing framework which gives subsidizing to DHBs, healing centres, private offices. The fundamental administration of the service of wellbeing is the legislatures kin counsel on wellbeing or incapacity, enhancing, security, and advancing the soundness of all New Zealanders. Service of wellbeing direct New Zealand wellbeing and inability framework and have entire general obligation regarding the improvement and administration for the framework. Ministry of social Development (MOSD)- MOSD helps the New Zealanders to grab stay solid , autonomous and safe. MOSD give security and forethought of defenceless youngsters or youth individuals. They likewise give superannuation administrations, wage backing and business. MOSD gives stores to group administration suppliers. MOSD serves to make social strategy furthermore counsel to the legislature. Service of social advancement have an enormous system it take part very nearly all the Government Issue which going to impacts society. It incorporates making approaches and procedures to giving credits and understudy recompense. Need Assessment service coordination(NASC) NASC have enormous structure. NASC is an enormous affiliation meets expectations broadly for NASC organization chiefs or other senior needs appraisal administrations co appointment parts within the wellbeing area and handicap part. Need evaluation administration co appointment is not for a benefit join society. Whose point is to forward the hobbies of NASC for grown-up with inabilities, individuals with mental wellbeing need, youngsters, more seasoned individuals, and additionally different divisions in NZ. Office for Disability Issue The workplace of incapacity issue work nearby with the service of social advancement. Office of disability issue meets expectations over the portfolios or with the administration orgs for help advance on the inability issue. Their work is underpinned to New Zealand inability technique or the united countries tradition upon the rights does not hold financing or handicap help administrations. Wellbeing and incapacity chief Health and Disability magistrate gives an instruction diagram experienced to individuals utilizing qualification administrations and how the buyer rights are suitable specifically circumstance. It likewise gives a review on the ramifications of wellbeing division issue as of now, with respect to the purchaser rights. Wellbeing and incapacity magistrate give (equivalent words) communicator administrations for individuals who have listening to or talking weaknesses. It likewise gives the administrations to individual consideration or welfare settles on choice furthermore persevering force of lawyer. Disability Support Services DSS is responsible for subsidizing or arranging of disabilty help administrations or oversees the ability incapacity (necessary forethought and recovery) act 2003. The vast majority of administrations DSS trust got to from side to side by NASC administrations. This affiliation choked to DSS. They work with individuals those are impaired to assist recognize their need or to framework what incapacity help administrations are accessible. They appoint service financed help administrations and aid with getting to other backing. IHC – IHC functions as an issue, they give administrations to those individuals who are cannily cripple and their families. They likewise battle for their rights and welfare of all cannily incapacitate individuals are help them to live fulfil exists in the general public or community. REFERENCES Source: Ministry of Health – ManatÃ…Â « Hauora, 2014 Retrieved from: http://www.health.govt.nz/our-work/disability-services Source: Ministry of Health – ManatÃ…Â « Hauora, 2014 Retrieved from: http://www.health.govt.nz/new-zealand-health-system/eligibility-publicly-funded-health-services Source: How to cite this page: . Scope of Legislation of 1938, from An Encyclopaedia of New Zealand, edited by A. H. McLintock, originally published in 1966. Te Ara the Encyclopaedia of New Zealand, updated 22-Apr-09 Retrieved from: http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/1966/social-security/page-2 Source: Accident Compensation Act 2001 (AC Act) Retrieved from: http://www.acc.co.nz/about-acc/legal/legislation/the-accident-compensation-act-1972-repealed/SS_WCM_049389 Source: Parliamentary counsel office te tari tohutohu Paremata Michael Hardie Boys, Governor-General Retrieved from: http://www.legislation.govt.nz/regulation/public/1996/0078/latest/whole.html Source: Parliamentary counsel office te tari tohutohu Paremata Human Rights Act 1993 Retrieved from: http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/1993/0082/latest/DLM304212.html Source: ministry of social development Retrieved from: http://www.odi.govt.nz/nzds/progress-review/new-zealand-disability-strategy.html Source: Ministry of Health. 2002. He Korowai Oranga: MÄ ori Health Strategy. Wellington: Ministry of Health Retrieved from: http://www.health.govt.nz/publication/he-korowai-oranga-maori-health-strategy Source: Minister of Health. 2005. Te Tà ¤huhu – Improving Mental Health 2005–2015: The Second New Zealand Mental Health and Addiction Plan. Wellington: Ministry of Health. Retrieved from: http://www.health.govt.nz/publication/te-tahuhu-improving-mental-health-2005-2015-second-new-zealand-mental-health-and-addiction-plan source:  © Ministry of Health – ManatÃ…Â « Hauora, 2014 Retrieved from: http://www.health.govt.nz/your-health/services-and-support/disability-services Source: Ministry of social development Te manatu whakahiato ora Retrieved from: https://www.msd.govt.nz/ http://www.supportoptions.co.nz/support/service.aspx?id=299 Source: The Health and Disability Commissioner PO Box 1791, Auckland Auckland ph/TTY (09) 373 1060 Retrieved from: http://www.hdc.org.nz/ Source: Ministry of Health – ManatÃ…Â « Hauora, 2014 Te Roopu Taurima O ManukauTrust Retrieved from: http://www.health.govt.nz/our-work/disability-services/intellectual-disability-compulsory-care-and-rehabilitation-act-2003 Source: IDEA Services family/whanau service Northern Regional Intellectual disability empowering in action Retrieved from: http://www.ihc.org.nz/ Surbhi Narwal 14030211

Towards Higher Learning :: Education Educating Essays

Towards Higher Learning Higher education plays a central role in preparing students to live and work in a society where one out of three Americans will be a member of a racial/ethnic minority and most of the growth in new jobs will require a college degree. What skills do students need to become engaged citizens in the future? According to John Newman’s "The Idea of a University", "It is the education which gives a man a clear conscious view of his own opinions and judgments, a truth in developing them, an eloquence in expressing them, and a force in using them"(49). If the University is the means by which we as individuals raise the intellectual tone of society and cultivate public minds then the question is what should the relationship between society and the universities be in order to reach our student’s highest potential? The special "fruit of education" furnished at a University says Newman, should be the one that makes good members of society (48). The responsibility of universities and colleges becomes an obligation because as social institutions they need to deliver good education, respect of ones ethnicity, equality for women, constructive criticism and intellectual independence in the search for truth. Respect for ones culture or background is important, giving a voice to those gro ups who have not been embraced by our culture. Bell Hooks, "Keeping Close to Home: Class and Education," Recall, her time at college where she felt alienated from her upper-class peers at Stanford. She had difficulty with the university system's exclusivity. So from the start Hooks did not feel that she was included in the university setting. The culture that Hooks embodied were values she received from her working-class background. Societies have always sought to educate their people to be productive and creative, and to satisfy their curiosity and aesthetic impulses. This has only happened when people acquired reliable knowledge and think systematically. Education has appeared in many forms, both formalized and informal. What does it mean? higher learning How do we get it? Is it something that universities can provide or is it Spayde’s definition of education "at a time when change is so swift that the shelf life of technical knowledge is six months(at best)" (58). Jon Spayde believes that "lasting education has always taken place outside of or on the periphery of school(58)" . The phenomenon of technology which affects various areas the economy, the media, etc.

Hydraulic Turbines

M.V. Sai Ram AP17110020010 Branch: ECE Here some of the problems I faced in the research of the hydraulic turbines. Effect of blade numbers on slip factor of hydraulic turbine: The change curve of slip factor is shown when the blade numbers change at the design condition . With the increase in blade numbers, the slip factor within centripetal impeller is gradually increased, and the rate of increase is gradually decreased. Therefore, with the increase in blade numbers, the slip value within centripetal impeller is gradually decreased. The main reason is that function of restriction of blade gradually strengthens for fluid with the increase in blade numbers; it leads to the slip value within centripetal impeller being gradually decreased.Effect of entrance width of centripetal impeller on slip factor of hydraulic turbine. The hydraulic efficiency of a turbine excludes friction losses on the outside of the runner, leakage loss of water that does not pass through the runner blades and mechanical friction losses. The hydraulic efficiency of a well-designed turbine is 98-99%.Can interaction occur between the electric power system and the hydraulic system for this frequency range.Velocity and pressure are highly sensitive to the operation conditions. It has been found that the stresses in the trailing edge of the runner blade near the crown reach a critical state in all operating points.Abstract:A set of empirical has been developed which defines the peak efficiency and shape of the efficiency curve for hydraulic turbines as a function commissioning date for the unit ,rated flow, runner speed, and throat or impulse turbine jet diameter.The aim of this investigation was to develop an environmentally friendly nano-hydraulic turbine utilizing waterfalls. A model of an impulse type hydraulic turbine constructed and tested with an indoor type waterfall to arrive at an optimum installation condition. Effects of an installation parameter, namely distance between the rotor and the waterfall on the power performance were studied. The flow field around the rotor was examined visually to clarify influences of installation conditions on the flow field. The flow visualization showed differences of flow pattern around the rotor by the change of flow rate and rotational speed of the rotor.Every single turbine is custom-designed specifically to meet the requirements of a hydroelectric power plant. Performance of a designed turbine is validated, to some extent, by computational fluid dynamics simulations. Field performance testing of hydraulic turbines is undertaken to define the head-power-discharge relationship that identifies the peak operating point of the turbine. This relationship is essential for the efficient operation of a hydraulic turbine.The art of hydraulic turbine design never stands still but always progresses. In recent years major emphasis has been on the materials of construction and on such features of design as will reduce maintenance work and costly outages in the field.LimitationsHydro power plant or we can say that hydraulic turbines are widely used from the last decades. It is an efficient renewable energy source. There are many up and downs. Hence there Some limitations as shown in below,It is a renewable energy source. Water energy can be used again and again.the running cost of turbine or less compare to other.It has high efficiency.It does not pollute environment.It is to maintain.Importance: Here the importance of hydraulic turbine and their uses Turbines are used for hydropower generation. There are basically two types of hydraulic turbines, the first one is impulse and the second one is reaction type turbines. Impulse turbinesThe use of hydraulic turbines for the generation of power has a very strong historical tradition. The first truly effective inward flow reaction turbine was developed and tested by Francis. Modern Francis turbines have developed into very different forms from the original, but they all retain the concept of radial inward flow(Aradag,2018)Hydraulic turbines are not only used to convert hydraulic energy into electricity but also in pumped storage schemes, which is the most efficient large-scale technology available for the storage of electrical energy. Separate pumps and turbines or reversible machines, so called pump turbines, are used in such schemes.(Gordon,2010)The efficient application of advanced CFD is of great practical importance, as the design of hydraulic turbines is customtailored for each project. a CFD-based design method is used to obtain the runner blade shape and characteristics. The hydraulic turbine used to convert the potential energy of water to mechanical energy. Flowing water is directed on to the blades of a turbine runner, creating a force on the blades. Since the runner is spinning, the force acts through a distance (force acting through a distance is the definition of work). In this way, energy is transferred from the flowing water to the turbine.(Guangtai,2015) In Francis turbines, water enters the turbine runner in the radial direction and leaves axially. The main parts of a Francis turbine are spiral case, stationary vanes, guide vanes, runner, and draft tube, as shown in Figure 1. The flowrate and accordingly the produced power are adjusted by the guide vanes. The spiral case regulates the velocity profile entering the turbine, whereas the stationary vanes provide the mechanical strength.3 The most critical part of the turbine, runner, converts the water energy to mechanical energy and rotates the generator(Aradag,2018)A new design of main bearing and carbon seal ring for vertical-shaft Francis turbines provides a bearing immersed in an oil bath covering about one-third of its vertical length. Properly slanted and shaped oil grooves provide for self lubrication, thereby eliminating the troubles usually associated with mechanical lubrication. (Rheingans,1948)Research:The research I have done based on the hydraulic turbines and power plant design. The goals in the development of an optimal water turbine with high efficiency. Can interaction occur between the electric power system and the hydraulic system for this frequency range. Hydraulic turbines of hydroelectric power plants are designed and manufactured according to the head and discharge parameters of a specific plant. Each hydroelectric power plant is different and requires a custom-designed turbine for better performance.Francis-type hydraulic turbines : In Francis turbines, water enters the turbine runner in the radial direction and leaves axially. The main parts of a Francis turbine are spiral case, stationary vanes, guide vanes, runner, and draft tube. The flowrate and accordingly the produced power are adjusted by the guide vanes. The spiral case regulates the velocity profile entering the turbine, whereas the stationary vanes provide the mechanical strength.The most critical part of the turbine, runner, converts the water energy to mechanical energy and rotates the generator. The principal feature of a reaction turbine that distinguishes it from an impulse turbine is that only a part of the total head available at the inlet to the turbine is converted to velocity head, before the runner is reached. Also in the reaction turbines the working fluid, instead of engaging only one or two blades, completely fills the passages in the runner. The pressure or static head of the fluid changes gradually as it passes through the runner along with the change in its kinetic energy based on absolute velocity due to the impulse action between the fluid and the runner. Description Reference List: Brekke,H.(January 08,2010).Performance and Safety of Hydraulic Turbines,12(1),1-11,Beijing, China. Retrieved: 9 March 2018http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1755-1315/12/1/012061Gordon,J.L.(December 18,2001).Hydraulic Turbine Efficiency,28(2),238-253,CanadianJournal of Civil Engineering. Retrieved: 10 March 2018http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/l00-102#.Wqgl0ehuZPZGuangtai,S.Xiaobing,L.Junhu,Y.Senchun,M.Jicheng,Li.(Juli,2015).heoretical research ofhydraulic turbine performance based on slip factor within centripetal impeller,7(7),1-9.Retrieved: 11 March 2018https://doi.org/10.1177/1687814015593864Ikeda,T.Tatsuno,k(January 03,2010).Performance of Nano-hydraulic turbine utilizingwaterfalls,35(1),168.Retrieved : 10 March 2018https://www.researchgate.net/publication/222577757_Performance_of_nano-hydraulic_turbine_utilizing_waterfallsKavurmaci,B.Celebioglu,K.Aradag,S.Tascioglu,Y.(June 29,2018),50(3),70-73Model Testing of Francis-Type Hydraulic Turbines . Tobb University of Economics andTechnology, Ankara, Turkey. Retrieved: 7 March 2018https://doi.org/10.1177/0020294017702284Manness,J.Doering,j(March 26,2005).An improved model for predicting the efficiency ofhydraulic propeller turbines,32(5),789-795, Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering. Retrieved:9 March 2018http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/l05-029#.Wqh9suhuZPYhttp://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6444369/authorRudd, F.O. (July 01,1965).Hydraulic Turbine Setting Criteria,87(3),295-298.Technical Engineering Branch Analysis Branch. Retrieved: 5 March 2018http://gasturbinespower.asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/article.aspx?articleid=1416900

Exercise 31

1. What are the two groups whose results are reflected by the t ratios in Tables 2 and 3? The two groups are pre-test and 3-month measures and pre-test and 6-month measures. 2. Which t ratio in Table 2 represents the greatest relative or standardized difference between the pretest and 3 months outcomes? Is this t ratio statistically significant? Provide a rationale for your answer. The t ratio for Total risk score represents the greatest relative or standardized difference between the pre-test and 3 months outcomes because the value of t test statistics is bigger than any other group.This ratio is statistically significant because the p-value corresponding to this group is less than 0. 05. 3. Which t ratio listed in Table 3 represents the smallest relative difference between the pretest and 3 months? Is this t ratio statistically significant? What does this result mean? The t ratio for Stress management the smallest relative difference between the pre-test and 3 months because the va lues of t test statistics is smaller than any other group. This ratio is not statistically significant because here the p-value is bigger than 0. 5. This result depicts that there is no significant difference in the stress management at pre-test and after 3 months. Stress management is same at pre-test and at 3 months. 4. What are the assumptions for conducting a t-test for dependent groups in a study? Which of these assumptions do you think were met by this study? The assumptions for conducting a t-test for dependent groups in a study are the data for both group should be normally distributed and the groups are correlated with each other.The groups are correlated because the same measurement is taken over from the same subject at pre-test, 3 months and at 6 months. There are 25 subjects in this study and out of 25, 21 have completed the study, it means that the data is enough to conduct the paired sample t test. Also the data should be continuous and this assumption was met because the data is obtained on a interval or ratio scale. 5. Compare the 3 months and 6 months t ratios for the variable Exercise from Table 3. What is your conclusion about the long-term effect of the health-promotion intervention on Exercise in this study?We can see that the magnitude of the score value is larger at 3 months and levels off at 6 months, thus we conclude that over time the long-term health-promotion intervention on Exercise in this study has less of an effect than in the short-term. 6. What is the smallest, significant t ratio listed in Table 2? Provide a rationale for your answer. The smallest significant t ratio is 2. 03 for variable Cholesterol at 3 months. This ratio is significant at 5% level and this is smallest among all other significant t ratios. 7. Why are the larger t ratios more likely to be statistically significant?The larger t ratios are more likely to be statistically significant because it takes a larger difference between the treatment and comparator wit h smaller variation. The larger the t ratios the more confident we are about our results. In terms of mathematics, the 99% of the observation for t distribution falls between -3 and +3. So if the t ratio lies outside these values we are more likely to get significant results. 8. Did the health-promotion program have a statistically significant effect on Systolic blood pressure (BP) in this study? Provide a rationale for your answer.No, the health-promotion program do not have a statistically significant effect on Systolic blood pressure (BP) in this study because at both end points such as 3 months and 6 months, the p-values are bigger than 0. 05, so we can conclude that the health-promotion program do not have a statistically significant effect on Systolic blood pressure (BP). 9. Examine the means and standard deviations for Systolic BP at pretest, 3 months (completion of the treatment), and 6 months. What do these results indicate? Are these results clinically important? Provide a rationale for your answer.The mean and standard deviation for Systolic BP for pre-test is 121. 7 and 14. 6, for 3 months the means and standard deviations is 117. 2 and 12. 3 and for 6 months the mean and standard deviation is 115. 6 and 13. 4. These results are clinically important because we can see that the mean Systolic BP is decreased after 3 months and after 6 months. The treatment is effective in lowering the Systolic BP as the time passes. In a long run, these results can be significant. 10. Is this study design strong or weak? Provide a rationale for your answer.The design for this study is strong because the there is only one group and we want to see whether there is any significant difference or reduction in some measurement after receiving the treatment or therapy. This design serves the purpose of the study. The only drawback in this design is that there is no blinding of treatment. Table 2 *p < 0. 05. aPaired t-test results between the pretest and 3-month measures. bP aired t-test results between the pretest and 6-month measures. Table 3 *p < 0. 05. aPaired t-test results between the pretest and 3-month measures. bPaired t-test results between the pretest and 6-month measures.